Every Keybind — All 36 Defaults

Buildings are on the number row 1–0, attack ratio is T/Y, terrain view is Space, and the camera is WASD. Below is every default, and all of them can be changed.

If you only learn three, make them Space (terrain view), T/Y (attack ratio) and 1 (city). Those three decide more early games than anything else.

Building — the number row

You can place without opening the build menu. A preview follows your cursor and Enter confirms.

Key	Building
1	City
2	Factory
3	Port
4	Defense Post
5	Missile Silo
6	SAM Launcher
7	Warship
8	Atom Bomb
9	Hydrogen Bomb
0	MIRV

The order matches the build menu. Remember that city is 1 and the rest follow the menu.

Attacking

Key	Action
T	Decrease attack ratio
Y	Increase attack ratio
G	Ground attack
B	Boat (transport ship) attack
Shift+R	Retaliate
U	Swap bomb arc direction

Get T/Y into your fingers. It is far faster than dragging the slider, and changing the ratio by situation is the core of this game. What value to use is covered in What Attack Ratio Should You Use?.

Diplomacy

Key	Action
K	Request alliance
L	Break alliance

Press L carefully — breaking first marks you a traitor for 30 seconds. See What Happens When You Betray an Alliance?.

Camera and view

Key	Action
W A S D	Move camera
Q	Zoom out
E	Zoom in
C	Center on your territory
Space	Alternate view (terrain / countries)
M	Toggle coordinate grid
R	Reset graphics

Space is the most underrated key in the game. Terrain view colours plains, highland and mountain separately. Plains cost 20% fewer troops and advance fastest, so press it before deciding which way to expand.

R is an emergency key for when rendering breaks. It does not affect the game state.

Warships

Key	Action
F	Select all your warships
Shift + drag	Box-select multiple warships

Select a warship with an attack-click, then attack-click again to set its destination. Capturing enemy trade ships and sinking boats levels it up (max 3), raising damage and health.

Opening menus

Key	Action
Ctrl (Mac Cmd)	Build menu
Alt	Emote menu
Enter	Build the unit under the cursor
Esc	Close menu / cancel build preview
Right click	Radial menu

Single-player only

Key	Action
P	Pause / resume
.	Speed up
,	Slow down

None of these work in public games. They are for practice.

Radial menu (right click)

Right click opens a radial menu; long-press on mobile. Right click outside to close.

Item	What it does
Build	Opens the build menu
Info	That player’s info panel
Boat	Sends a transport ship to the chosen spot. Requires water access
Donate troops	Sends troops to an ally — an amount set by your attack ratio slider
Donate gold	Sends gold to an ally
Delete unit	Removes the nearest unit

Most players do not realise the donation amount is tied to the attack slider. Raise it with Y first if you want to send more.

Rebinding

Settings → keybinds changes any of them. You can also unbind an action entirely, which frees that key for something else. No two actions share a key.

If WASD is awkward on a laptop, arrow keys are the common swap.

More

• The Game Interface — what each panel and icon means
• Game Modes and Options — FFA, teams, difficulty, modifiers
• The 1-Minute Build Order — these keys in sequence